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Matter & Interactions
Found in: Page 85
Matter & Interactions

Matter & Interactions

Book edition 4th edition
Author(s) Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood
Pages 1135 pages
ISBN 9781118875865

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Short Answer

Apply the general results obtained in the full analysis of motion under the influence of a constant force in Section 2.5 to answer the following questions. You hold a small metal ball of mass m a height h above the floor. You let go, and the ball falls to the floor. Choose the origin of the coordinate system to be on the floor where the ball hits, with y up as usual. Just after release, what are yi and vyi? Just before hitting the floor, what is yf? How much time ∆t does it take for the ball to fall? What is vfy just before hitting the floor? Express all results in terms of m, g, and h. How would your results change if the ball had twice the mass?

The initial location of the ball is yi = h

The initial speed of the ball is Vyi = 0

The time the ball will need to fall is ∆t = 2hg

The final speed of the ball is Vyf = -2gh

The result won’t change when the mass of the ball will be twice the mass.

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Step by Step Solution

TABLE OF CONTENTS :
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Identification of given data

  • The initial location of the ball is given by, yi
  • The final location of the ball is given by, yf
  • The initial speed of the ball is given by, Vyi
  • The final speed of the ball is given by, Vyf

The time taken by ball to fall is given by, ∆t

Concept of momentum principle

The following is an explanation of conservation of momentum. There is a perfect match between total momentum of two particles before and after a collision occurs inside an isolated system between particle 1 and particle 2.

The principle of momentum is given by,

Vyf =Vyi+ Fnet.ym∆t ...........(1)

Evaluate the initial location and initial speed of the ball

The force acting on the ball is purely gravitational force, here we assume that the speed of the ball is negligible, the net force on the ball can be given by,

Fnet . y = Fg = -mg

Here, the initial location of the ball is yi = h

The initial speed of the ball is Vyi = 0

Determination of the time taken by ball to fall

The final location of ball before it hits the ground is yf = 0

The time needed by ball to fall can be evaluated position equation,

role="math" localid="1654005095363" yf = yi + Vyi∆t +12 Fnet.ym∆t2

Substitute the values in equation (1),

0 = h + 0 +12 Fnet.ym∆t2

∆t = 2hg

Thus, the time taken by the ball to fall is 2hg.

Determination of the final velocity of the ball

The final velocity of the ball can be evaluated using equation (1),

Vyf = 0-g2hgVyf = -2gh

Evaluation of change in result of ball

If the ball has twice the mass the result won’t change as it does not depend on the mass.

Thus, there is no change in result of the ball.

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