Log In Start studying!

Select your language

Suggested languages for you:
Deutsch (DE)
Deutsch (UK)
Deutsch (US)

Americas

Europe

Answers without the blur. Sign up and see all textbooks for free! → Illustration

Q 5.68

Expert-verified
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Found in: Page 199
An Introduction to Thermal Physics

An Introduction to Thermal Physics

Book edition 1st
Author(s) Daniel V. Schroeder
Pages 356 pages
ISBN 9780201380279

Answers without the blur.

Just sign up for free and you're in.

Register for Free I’ll do it later
Illustration

Short Answer

Plumber's solder is composed of 67% lead and 33% tin by weight. Describe what happens to this mixture as it cools, and explain why this composition might be more suitable than the eutectic composition for joining pipes.

As a result, the tin and lead mixture is better for joining pipes.

See the step by step solution

Step by Step Solution

TABLE OF CONTENTS :
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Step 1: Given information

Plumber's solder is composed of 67% lead and 33% tin by weight.

Step 2: Explanation

Take a look at the phase diagram for a tin-lead mixture in the graph below. By weight, the solder combination contains 67 percent lead and 23 percent tin. If the mixture cools, the temperature will drop from the dashed red line on the graph until it hits the temperature boundary between the liquid phase and the solid Pb-Liquid phase, which is 250 K, and the lead will begin to freeze. The remaining liquid includes a higher percentage of tin, so the point at which it freezes will be lower, and the remaining liquid will again contain a higher percentage of tin, so the point at which it freezes will be lower. This cycle will continue until the temperature drops below freezing. Because the two curves of the two borders will meet at this moment, all of the remaining mixture will freeze (this point called the eutectic point).

Step 3: Explanation

The melting temperature of the mixture will decrease more than the eutectic composition for joining the pipes in our situation (where the solder mixture contains 67 percent lead and 23 percent tin by weight). The mixture is more suitable for soldering if the melting temperature is lower. As a result, the tin and lead mixture is better for joining pipes.

Most popular questions for Physics Textbooks

Everything in this section assumes that the total pressure of the system is fixed. How would you expect the nitrogen-oxygen phase diagram to change if you increase or decrease the pressure? Justify your answer.

Consider a completely miscible two-component system whose overall composition is x, at a temperature where liquid and gas phases coexist. The composition of the gas phase at this temperature is xa and the composition of the liquid phase is xb. Prove the lever rule, which says that the proportion of liquid to gas is x-xa/xb-x. Interpret this rule graphically on a phase diagram.

Calculate the Helmholtz free energy of a van der Waals fluid, up to an undetermined function of temperature as in equation5.56. Using reduced variables, carefully plot the Helmholtz free energy (in units of NkTc) as a function of volume for T/Tc=0.8 Identify the two points on the graph corresponding to the liquid and gas at the vapor pressure. (If you haven't worked the preceding problem, just read the appropriate values off Figure5.23.) Then prove that the Helmholtz free energy of a combination of these two states (part liquid, part gas) can be represented by a straight line connecting these two points on the graph. Explain why the combination is more stable, at a given volume, than the homogeneous state represented by the original curve, and describe how you could have determined the two transition volumes directly from the graph of F.

Suppose you need a tank of oxygen that is 95% pure. Describe a process by which you could obtain such a gas, starting with air.

Prove that the entropy of mixing of an ideal mixture has an infinite slope, when plotted vs. x, at x = 0 and x= 1.
Icon

Want to see more solutions like these?

Sign up for free to discover our expert answers
Get Started - It’s free

Recommended explanations on Physics Textbooks

Work Energy and Power

Read explanation

Radiation

Read explanation

Astrophysics

Read explanation

Fluids

Read explanation

Physics of Motion

Read explanation

Famous Physicists

Read explanation

Torque and Rotational Motion

Read explanation

Fields in Physics

Read explanation

Scientific Method Physics

Read explanation

Magnetism

Read explanation

Particle Model of Matter

Read explanation

Physical Quantities and Units

Read explanation

Medical Physics

Read explanation

Further Mechanics and Thermal Physics

Read explanation

Energy Physics

Read explanation

Force

Read explanation

Waves Physics

Read explanation

Modern Physics

Read explanation

Atoms and Radioactivity

Read explanation

Dynamics

Read explanation

Electricity and Magnetism

Read explanation

Fundamentals of Physics

Read explanation

Kinematics Physics

Read explanation

Linear Momentum

Read explanation

Geometrical and Physical Optics

Read explanation

Rotational Dynamics

Read explanation

Electrostatics

Read explanation

Space Physics

Read explanation

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Read explanation

Electromagnetism

Read explanation

Conservation of Energy and Momentum

Read explanation

Turning Points in Physics

Read explanation

Measurements

Read explanation

Engineering Physics

Read explanation

Mechanics and Materials

Read explanation

Electricity

Read explanation

Nuclear Physics

Read explanation

Circular Motion and Gravitation

Read explanation

Oscillations

Read explanation

Translational Dynamics

Read explanation

Thermodynamics

Read explanation

Electric Charge Field and Potential

Read explanation

94% of StudySmarter users get better grades.

Sign up for free
94% of StudySmarter users get better grades.