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Show that the square of the distance berween the two points $\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\( and \)\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right)$ on the circle \(x^{2}+y^{2}=a^{2}\) is equal to \(2\left(a^{2}-x_{1} x_{2}-y_{1} y_{2}\right)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The square of the distance between the two points on the circle is indeed equal to \(2\left(a^{2}-x_{1} x_{2}-y_{1} y_{2}\right)\), as we have proved by manipulation of the equation of a circle and the formula for calculating the square of the distance between two points in a 2D space.
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Step 1: Understand the Problem

The goal is to prove that the square of the distance between two points \(\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\) and \(\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right)\) on the circle, given by the equation \(x^{2}+y^{2}=a^{2}\), is equal to \(2\left(a^{2}-x_{1} x_{2}-y_{1} y_{2}\right)\).

Step 2: Calculate square of distance between two points

The square of the distance \(d\) between two points \(\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\) and \(\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right)\) in a 2D space is given by \(d^{2} = (x_{2} - x_{1})^{2} + (y_{2} - y_{1})^{2}\). This can be rewritten as \(d^{2} = x_{1}^{2}+y_{1}^{2} + x_{2}^{2}+y_{2}^{2} - 2(x_{1} x_{2} + y_{1} y_{2})\).

Step 3: Substitute values

We know both \(\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\) and \(\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right)\) lie on the circle \(x^{2} + y^{2} = a^{2}\), so we can substitute \(x_{1}^{2}+y_{1}^{2} = a^{2}\) and \(x_{2}^{2} + y_{2}^{2} = a^{2}\) into the equation. Doing this, we get: \(d^{2} = 2a^{2} - 2(x_{1} x_{2} + y_{1} y_{2})\). This equation can be rewritten as \(d^{2} = 2\left(a^{2}-x_{1} x_{2} - y_{1} y_{2}\right)\), which is the expression that we were tasked to prove.

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