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What is one potential limitation of full-cost-based transfer prices?

Short Answer

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One potential limitation of full-cost-based transfer pricing is inefficient decision-making within the organization. This occurs because full-cost-based pricing may not accurately reflect the true incremental cost of producing additional units, leading to decisions that are not cost-effective or efficient for the overall company, such as choosing external suppliers over internal divisions with excess capacity. This misalignment of costs and pricing could result in wasteful spending and reduced competitiveness.
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Step 1: Overview of Transfer Pricing

Transfer pricing refers to the practice of setting the cost of goods and services sold between divisions of a company. Companies use various methods to determine the transfer price between divisions, like market-based pricing, negotiated pricing, and cost-based pricing. One such cost-based pricing method is full-cost-based transfer pricing.

Step 2: Full-cost-based Transfer Pricing

Full-cost-based transfer pricing is when one division of an organization charges another division for the full cost of a product or service it provides. It typically includes variable costs (costs that change with the production volume) as well as fixed costs (costs that remain constant regardless of production). In some cases, a profit markup is also added to cover any profit that the producing division wants to make.

Step 3: Limitation of Full-cost-based Transfer Prices

One potential limitation of full-cost-based transfer pricing is the possibility of inefficient decision-making within the organization. Since full-cost-based pricing includes both variable and fixed costs, it might not accurately reflect the true incremental cost of producing additional units. If a division is charged based on full cost, it might make decisions—such as whether to buy a product or service internally or externally—that are not the most cost-effective or efficient for the overall company. This could lead to wasteful spending and a less competitive organization. For example, if a division could buy a product from an external supplier at a lower cost than the full cost charged by a sister division, it might opt to buy externally, even if the internal division has excess capacity and could have produced the product at a lower incremental cost than the external supplier. This misalignment of costs and pricing could lead to suboptimal decisions and overall inefficiency.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Chapter 22

The Slate Company manufactures and sells television sets. Its assembly division (AD) buys television screens from the screen division (SD) and assembles the TV sets. The SD, which is operating at capacity, incurs an incremental manufacturing cost of 65 dollar per screen. The SD can sell all its output to the outside market at a price of 100 dollar per screen, after incurring a variable marketing and distribution cost of 8 dollar per screen. If the \(A D\) purchases screens from outside suppliers at a price of 100 dollar per screen, it will incur a variable purchasing cost of 7 dollar per screen. Slate's division managers can act autonomously to maximize their own division's operating income. 1\. What is the minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD? 2\. What is the maximum transfer price at which the AD manager would be willing to purchase screens from the SD? 3\. Now suppose that the SD can sell only \(70 \%\) of its output capacity of 20,000 screens per month on the open market. Capacity cannot be reduced in the short run. The AD can assemble and sell more than \(20,000 \mathrm{TV}\) sets per month. a. What is the minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD? b. From the point of view of Slate's management, how much of the SD output should be transferred to the AD? c. If Slate mandates the SD and AD managers to "split the difference" on the minimum and maximum transfer prices they would be willing to negotiate over, what would be the resulting transfer price? Does this price achieve the outcome desired in requirement \(3 b ?\)

Chapter 22

Give two reasons why the dual-pricing system of transfer pricing is not widely used.

Chapter 22

Name three benefits and two costs of decentralization.

Chapter 22

What is a management control system?

Chapter 22

"Cost and price information play no role in negotiated transfer prices." Do you agree? Explain.

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